This paper elaborates key considerations for studying and promoting decent work in the seafood industry. Assessing and achieving decent work in the world’s fisheries requires 1) a holistic human rights approach to decent work, in which labor concerns are understood in the context of interrelated and interdependent sets of human rights, 2) consideration of the complex political-economic regimes and histories in which seafood production is embedded, and perhaps most importantly, and 3) that workers play a central role and have a voice in defining and achieving decent work.